Aim and Objective: To evaluate the bactericidal efficacy of the Nd:YAG laser and the Diode laser at different parameters to that of calcium hydroxide, and to know the effect of increase in lasing time on degree of disinfection. Materials and Methods: Fifty human single-rooted teeth were taken and were kept in 3% NaOCl for 15 mins and access cavities were prepared, the apical third of these roots was gradually enlarged until reaching the ISO 40- K file. Later the teeth were autoclaved and mounted on 2.5 ml eppendorf tubes filled with BHI medium which was autoclaved again. The teeth were inoculated with a standard strain of Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for one week. They were randomly divided into five groups and treated as follows, G-I: - Negative control. G-II:- 980 nm diode laser irradiation for five seconds and five cycles at 2W power, 10 Hz frequency and pulsed mode. G-III:- 980 nm diode laser irradiation for 10 seconds and five cycles at 2W power, 10 Hz frequency and pulsed mode. G-IV:- Nd:YAG laser irradiation for five seconds and five cycles at 2 W power, 15 Hz frequency and pulsed mode. G-V:- Nd:YAG laser irradiation for 10 seconds and five cycles at 2 W power, 15 Hz frequency and pulsed mode. The dentin dust was collected from superficial and deep dentin of coronal and apical halves of all the samples and CFU/ ml were evaluated after three days. Results: The results were calculated and statistical analysis was done using Kruskal Wallis ANOVA test by ranks and Mann Whitney's U test. Comparisons were done between the superficial and deep dentin of different groups and between the groups. Conclusion: Under the parameters of the samples tested Nd:YAG laser provided the best results for disinfection compared to Diode laser. However, both the Nd:YAG and Diode lasers provided clinically acceptable disinfection.

Introduction:Irradiation of human dental enamel with laser energy at particular wavelengths in the visible and infrared regions result in greater resistance to acid and cariogenic attacks. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of four commonly available laser wavelengths,KTP, Nd: YAG, Diode, CO2 in terms of the LAF protective effect to an erosive challenge. Materials and Methods: 40 sound human premolar teeth were used. The lingual and buccal surfaces of the teeth were sectioned into slabs using a diamond saw. The baseline Vicker's hardness number (VHN) of each surface was determined. 1.23% NaF gel was then applied to these slabs and they were divided into Group I - Control group. Group II - KTP Group III - Nd:YAG Group IV - Diode Group V - CO2. The Vicker's hardness number (VHN) of each surface was again determined after the fluoride and laser treatment. Results: Group II and Group III, which are KTP and Nd:YAG respectively showed significantly small amount of change as compared to the other groups. Conclusion: In order of merit least reduction in hardness after acid challenge was shown by Nd:YAG followed by KTP, CO2 and diode laser.

Ackerman's tumour or Verucous carcinoma is a unique clinico-pathological rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma. The term "Verrucous" is used because of its fine, finger like surface projections. Verrucous carcinoma constitutes 2 to 4.5% of all forms of squamous cell carcinoma, occuring mainly in oral cavity and larynx, buccal mucosa being most commonly involved. A case of verrucous carcinoma involving mucosa of retromolar region in an adult male aged 63 years is being reported who was managed using CO ₂ lasers. Post-surgical excision was without any post-operative complications. Repithelialization was within weeks and no signs of recurrence after follow up period of about six months. Thus it is concluded that CO ₂ lasers can be good tool for surgical management.

Trigeminal neuralgia is an extremely painful and difficult condition to treat. Adding LASER is an edge cutting techonology which might help stop drugs and thereby the adverse effects. To describe the experience of using LASER in a patient with trigeminal neuralgia For NEUTECTOMY. A 47-year-old man presented with constant, severe pain in the right side of his face over the nasolabial groove for more than 11 months. The pain had been progressively worse and was usually precipitated by brushing his teeth, shaving, washing his face, eating, and talking. The patient's neurologist treated him with 150 mg/d of carbamazepine; when the pain improved, the dosage was reduced. However, the pain worsened in two months and he was prescribed 1500 mg of oxcarbazepine three times daily. It did not relieve the pain, which had become constant with the severity higher than 10 on a scale of 1-10. The patient was treated with LASER. Relief of neuralgia. The patient's pain level during the 1st day of treatment dropped from 10/10 to 0. On his 2nd visit. The patient continued to improve and could eat and speak without pain. This case report describes a patient who responded well by the use of LASER.

The extraoral cutaneous sinus tract of dental origin is an uncommon, but well-documented condition. However, several non-odontogenic disorders may also cause an extraoral sinus tract. The diagnosis is not always easy unless the treating clinician considers the odontogenic origin. The present case report discusses diagnosis and treatment of an extraoral cutaneous sinus tract of odontogenic origin in relation to a mandibular left cannine (diagnosed as asymptomatic suppurative periradicular abscess with an extraoral cutaneous sinus tract opening in the mandibular mental region). Non-surgical endodontic therapy was performed using Nd:YAG laser. To present a case report describing the diagnosis and treatment of an extraoral cutaneous sinus tract of odontogenic origin in relation to a mandibular left cannine. The patient responded well, and the cutaneous lesions healed uneventfully.

Advances in implant designs, materials and techniques have led to predictable success in their application, and several types of implants are now available for use in rehabilitation of different clinical problems. In the last 15 years, a number of laser wavelengths have been brought to the profession for various procedures. The CO₂, Nd:YAG, diode, argon, and holmium wavelengths are primarily soft tissue lasers. The introduction of the erbium family of wavelengths, with its ability to safely remove hard tissue, has stimulated a new wave of interest in laser therapy in the dental profession. The parallel in the expansion of implant dentistry and laser dentistry in clinical practice is apparent. As advocates for laser dentistry continue to seek new ways to use the technology and as more practitioners become involved in implant dentistry, it is logical to see the concurrent use of both technologies in clinical practice. The aim of this article is to describe a second stage surgery using a dental laser and enumerates its uses with advantages.

The incorporation of Dental Lasers as a practice builder has been proven beyond doubt .Clever selection of cases which will benefit from this modality determines rewards in long term for clinician and the practice. Current perceptions of soft tissue laser use in Orthodontic patients requiring adjunctive soft tissue surgeries is gaining popularity. This article presents a case report of a young unmarried women requiring Multidisciplinary treatment for correction of her dental problems, where diode laser has been used as an useful adjunct for various applications like frenectomy, orthodontic micro-implant salvage, crown lengthening and even bleaching in the same patient, enabling comprehensive rehabilitation of the patients dental problem.

Frenectomy is a common soft tissue procedure in the field of aesthetic dentistry. It prerequisites for many corrective and aesthetic treatments. Lasers have proved as a Midas touch for soft tissue procedures. Use of lasers is advantageous as there is no bleeding and pain during the procedure. Patients are comfortable during and post treatment. Here is a case of 36-year-old male with high labial frenal attachment between maxillary incisors who needed frenectomy followed by diastema closure.

The lingual frenum has been a topic of controversy for a long time. Ankyloglossia causes problems in eating, dyspnoea, and speech disturbances. Hence, it is necessary to perform a lingual frenectomy in cases where ankyloglossia is very severe. Various methods such as surgery, diathermy, and lasers have long been used. The following case report highlights and discusses lingual frenectomy using Nd:YAG laser over other methods in children.